Vanishing Reefs: Understanding Coral Bleaching and the Fight to Save Marine Ecosystems
Faculty Mentor
Tara Leath
Area of Research
Biology, Marine Biology, Study Abroad
Major
Biology
Description
INTRODUCTION: Coral reefs are among the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth, supporting 25% of all marine life. In recent years, coral bleaching events have emerged as major environmental threats, driven by rising ocean temperatures, pollution, and ocean acidification. Coral bleaching occurs when coral expel their zooxanthellae, which are their symbiotic algae. This causes them to lose their color and is considered a loss of a critical source of energy. Over time, the severity and frequency of bleaching events has increased significantly, causing over 80% of the world’s coral to be bleached as of 2025 (NOAA, 2025).
METHOD: Coral bleaching events severely impact marine biodiversity. In 2023, marine biodiversity fell by 63% (Ashworth, 2021). Many species rely on coral reefs for food and habitat, and the loss of the reefs disrupts the entire ecosystem.
RESULTS: In addition, coral reef loss impacts coastal communities by reducing shoreline protection and affecting fishing and tourism industries. Many organizations have taken action to address coral bleaching and have made strides in reef restoration programs, implementing conservation strategies, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Continued research and global action are crucial to slowing the progression of coral bleaching and supporting the recovery of marine ecosystems and biodiversity.
Vanishing Reefs: Understanding Coral Bleaching and the Fight to Save Marine Ecosystems
INTRODUCTION: Coral reefs are among the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth, supporting 25% of all marine life. In recent years, coral bleaching events have emerged as major environmental threats, driven by rising ocean temperatures, pollution, and ocean acidification. Coral bleaching occurs when coral expel their zooxanthellae, which are their symbiotic algae. This causes them to lose their color and is considered a loss of a critical source of energy. Over time, the severity and frequency of bleaching events has increased significantly, causing over 80% of the world’s coral to be bleached as of 2025 (NOAA, 2025).
METHOD: Coral bleaching events severely impact marine biodiversity. In 2023, marine biodiversity fell by 63% (Ashworth, 2021). Many species rely on coral reefs for food and habitat, and the loss of the reefs disrupts the entire ecosystem.
RESULTS: In addition, coral reef loss impacts coastal communities by reducing shoreline protection and affecting fishing and tourism industries. Many organizations have taken action to address coral bleaching and have made strides in reef restoration programs, implementing conservation strategies, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Continued research and global action are crucial to slowing the progression of coral bleaching and supporting the recovery of marine ecosystems and biodiversity.